The screening procedures for cancer
The goal of health promotion and education is to help prevent disease in patients. However, this is not always successful, and disease is not always preventable. With disease, early detection is ideal, often making screening procedures a routine part of clinical care. Unfortunately, many patients do not utilize these health services. This can be attributed to a lack of awareness or access to care, financial concerns, or even levels of comfort with healthcare providers. In your role as an advanced practice nurse, you must be aware of potential obstacles for patients and implement strategies to ensure patients receive necessary screenings. Although a variety of screening procedures are recommended for women at various stages of life, not all screenings are appropriate for all patients. Understanding the strengths and limitations of each screening, as well as current guidelines for use is essential to effectively facilitate patient care. For this Discussion, the course Instructor will assign a specific topic for you to research.
To prepare:
- Review this week’s media presentation, as well as Chapter 6 of the Tharpe et al. text and the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services article in the Learning Resources. U. S. Department of Health and Human Services. (2012b). Screening tests and vaccines. Retrieved from http://www.womenshealth.gov/screening-tests-andvaccines/screening-tests-for-women/
- Research guidelines on screening procedures for CANCER
- Consider how the guidelines might support your clinical decision-making.
- Post an explanation of the guidelines on screening procedures for CANCER.
- Then, explain how the guidelines might support your clinical decision-making.
Health Promotion and Health Education
Student’s Name
University
Course
Professor
Date
Health Promotion and Health Education
The Screening Procedures for Cancer
Being healthy is a matter of importance for individuals, families, communities, and for society at large. Health promotion is a way of enabling people to increase sway over and improve their health (Ren et al., 2019). It moves beyond focusing on individual behaviour towards various social and environmental interventions. Health promotion programs target to engage and empower individuals and communities to choose healthy behaviors, and make changes that minimize the risk of developing chronic diseases and other morbidities. A healthier lifestyle can mean less time off school or work due to illness, making companies view an individual as more attractive. Employers view healthy workers as more productive. Improved health can also help individuals out of poverty. Health promotion uses approaches/methods such as advocacy (including lobbying), health education, communication for behavioural change, social marketing, social mobilization, information, education and communication. Health education is a social science that bleeds from the biological, environmental, psychological, physical and medical sciences to aid health and prevent disease, disability and premature death through education-driven voluntary behavior change activities (FitzPatrick, 2019), and it helps individuals to be empowered and communities to live healthier by improving their physical, mental, emotional and social health through influencing their attitudes on caring for their well-being. This essay will explore the guidelines on screening procedures for cancer and the guidelines in clinical decision-making.
The Guidelines on Screening Procedures for Cancer
Guidelines on the screening procedures for cancer may be of a wide range. However, some of the guidelines may include understanding one’s risk factors, regularly getting screened, having knowledge of the potential signs and symptoms, genetic test consideration, and adhering to the recommended guidelines for screening (Wolf et al., 2018). Understanding the risk for cancer can help a doctor decide whether one could benefit from a cancer screening test, such as a mammogram or colonoscopy. A screening test at an earlier age and more often than routine screening surgery or medication to lower one’s cancer risk. Screening tests can help find cancer early before symptoms appear. It may be easier to treat when abnormal tissue or cancer is found early because by the time symptoms are discovered, cancer may have grown and spread. It can make cancer harder to treat or cure. Screening can demand cost and use of medical resources for most people who do not need treatment and adverse effects of screening procedure, e.g., stress and anxiety, discomfort, radiation exposure, and chemical exposure (Ladabaum et al., 2019). For people who are already diagnosed with cancer, the results of genetic testing may help them make decisions about their treatment and understand their risk for other cancers. Genetic testing allows family members to learn about their cancer risks. Positive results can control a person toward available prevention, monitoring, and treatment options. Various test results can also help people make decisions about having children. Newborn screening can spot genetic disorders early in life, and treatment can be started as early as possible and genetic testing can provide limited information about an inherited condition, and the test often cannot determine if a person will show symptoms of a disorder, whether the disorder will progress over time, or how severe the symptoms will be. It is crucial to understand the guidelines during the screening procedures for cancer.
The Support of Guidelines on Screening Procedures for Cancer in Clinical Decision-Making
Guidelines on the screening procedure can be essential during clinical decision-making. Clinical decision-making is a balance of general best practices, awareness of the current situation and environment, and patient knowledge (Roodbeen et al., 2020). It is about joining the dots to develop an informed decision. Clinical judgment or decision-making includes conclusions about a patient’s status and needs with a determination of a method to implement to meet the best patient needs, including assessing the patient’s response. Decision-making can also be based on the level at which they occur, and they include strategic decisions that set the course of an organization, while tactical decisions are decisions about how things will get done, and operational decisions are decisions that employees develop each day to run the organization. Genetic testing might display if the person has an increased risk of developing some other cancers (Daly et al., 2021). Understanding the risk factors during the screening of cancer helps a doctor to decide whether one could be a benefit from a cancer screening test such as a mammogram or colonoscopy an earlier screening test which is more often than routine screening, or even one can benefit from surgery or medication to lower their cancer risk. Clinical decision-making supports and gives information on time, usually at the point of care to help inform decisions about a patient’s care, and it can effectively improve patient outcomes and lead to improved quality healthcare.
Conclusion
Health education involves voluntary changes in behavior through awareness, knowledge, skills, beliefs, attitudes, and values. In contrast, health promotion is the process of enabling people to increase control over their health and also improve their overall health. It moves beyond focusing on individual behaviour towards a wide range of social and environmental interventions. Health promotion uses approaches/methods such as advocacy (including lobbying), health education, communication for behavioural change, social marketing, social mobilization, information, education and communication. Guidelines on the screening procedures for cancer are essential to patients as they keep them informed on the screening procedures, and they may include understanding one’s risk factors, regularly getting screened, having knowledge of the potential signs and symptoms, genetic test consideration, and adhering to the recommended guidelines for screening. Overall clinical decision-making supports giving information on time, usually at the point of care to help inform decisions about a patient’s care, and it can effectively improve patient outcomes and lead to improved quality healthcare.
References
Daly, M. B., Pal, T., Berry, M. P., Buys, S. S., Dickson, P., Domchek, S. M., … & Dwyer, M. A. (2021). Genetic/familial high-risk assessment: breast, ovarian, and pancreatic, version 2.2021, NCCN clinical practice guidelines in oncology. Journal of the National Comprehensive Cancer Network, 19(1), 77-102.
FitzPatrick, B. (2019). Validity in qualitative health education research. Currents in Pharmacy Teaching and Learning, 11(2), 211-217. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cptl.2018.11.014
Ladabaum, U., Mannalithara, A., Meester, R. G., Gupta, S., & Schoen, R. E. (2019). Cost-effectiveness and national effects of initiating colorectal cancer screening for average-risk persons at age 45 years instead of 50 years. Gastroenterology, 157(1), 137-148. https://doi.org/10.1053/j.gastro.2019.03.023
Ren, X., Yu, B., Lu, Y., Zhang, B., Hu, J., & Brombacher, A. (2019). LightSit: An unobtrusive health-promoting system for relaxation and fitness microbreaks at work. Sensors, 19(9), 2162. https://doi.org/10.3390/s19092162
Roodbeen, R., Vreke, A., Boland, G., Rademakers, J., van den Muijsenbergh, M., Noordman, J., & van Dulmen, S. (2020). Communication and shared decision-making with patients with limited health literacy; helpful strategies, barriers and suggestions for improvement reported by hospital-based palliative care providers. PloS one, 15(6), e0234926. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0234926
Wolf, A. M., Fontham, E. T., Church, T. R., Flowers, C. R., Guerra, C. E., LaMonte, S. J., … & Smith, R. A. (2018). Colorectal cancer screening for average‐risk adults: 2018 guideline update from the American Cancer Society. CA: a cancer journal for clinicians, 68(4), 250-281. https://doi.org/10.3322/caac.21457
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