The impact of potential pharmacotherapeutics for cardiovascular disorders as introduced in the media piece.

As an advanced practice nurse, it is your responsibility to recommend appropriate treatment options for patients with cardiovascular disorders. To ensure the safety and effectiveness of drug therapy, advanced practice nurses must consider aspects that might influence pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic processes such as medical history, other drugs currently prescribed, and individual patient factors.

Reference: Murphy, S. L., Xu, J., Kochanek, K. D., & Arias, E. (2018). Mortality in the United States, 2017. Retrieved from https://www.cdc.gov/nchs/products/databriefs/db328.htm

To Prepare

• Review the Resources for this module and consider the impact of potential pharmacotherapeutics for cardiovascular disorders introduced in the media piece.
• Review the case study assigned by your Instructor for this Assignment.
• Select one the following factors: genetics, gender, ethnicity, age, or behavior factors.
• Reflect on how the factor you selected might influence the patient’s pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic processes.
• Consider how changes in the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic processes might impact the patient’s recommended drug therapy.
• Think about how you might improve the patient’s drug therapy plan based on the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic changes. Reflect on whether you would modify the current drug treatment or provide an alternative treatment option for the patient.

Write a 2- to 3-page paper that addresses the following:

• Explain how the factor you selected might influence the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic processes in the patient from the case study you were assigned.
• Describe how changes in the processes might impact the patient’s recommended drug therapy. Be specific and provide examples.
• Explain how you might improve the patient’s drug therapy plan and explain why you would make these recommended improvements.

 

 

 

Pharmacotherapy for Cardiovascular Disorders

 

 

 

Student’s Name

University

Course

Professor

Date

 

 

Pharmacotherapy for Cardiovascular Disorders

The Impact of Potential Pharmacotherapeutics for Cardiovascular Disorders as Introduced in the Media Piece

Cardiovascular disorders are the principal root of mortality globally, and pharmacotherapy plays a critical role in managing the conditions and enhancing patient outcomes. Pharmacotherapy is a crucial feature of managing cardiovascular diseases causing mortality worldwide. The pharmacological treatments of cardiovascular diseases entail using medications targeting numerous features of the cardiovascular system, like blood pressure, cholesterol, and the functioning of the heart (Orgah et al., 2020). Common pharmacological interventions include statins to minimize cholesterol levels, beta-blockers to hegemonize blood pressure, and antiplatelet agents to avert blood clots. The use of pharmacotherapy, in amalgamation with lifestyle modifications like diet and exercise, may essentially enhance outcomes for individuals with cardiovascular diseases. However, with any medication, pharmacotherapy for cardiovascular diseases occurs with possible risks and side effects, and it is only supposed to be prescribed by a certified healthcare provider. This essay will explore how age influences the pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic processes, how changes in the processes affect the patient’s recommended therapy, and finally, ways of improving the patient’s drug therapy plan.

Ways in which Age Affects the Pharmacodynamics and Pharmacokinetics of Drugs

Aging is a distinguishing factor impacting the pharmacological and pharmacokinetic properties of drugs. Aging is accountable for minimizing the body’s homeostatic capacity by reforming the structural and functional attributes of organ systems. An elevated volume of distribution of drugs and minimized elimination in the elderly is because of the changes in the composition of the body, hepatic functions, and renal functions (Drenth‐van Maanen et al., 2019). These factors are accountable for the changes in the pharmacokinetic profiles of drugs. A minimized metabolism rate and the eradication of the drug in the body are accountable for the escalated half-life of the drug and intensified risks of adverse drug reactions and toxicity. Age is one of the essential and expected factors to be considered during the prescription of medications.

Ways in which Changes in the Processes Influence the Patient’s Recommended Therapy

The essential hike in PH occurring with aging causes a deceleration in clearing the stomach and contracted intestinal surface, which can impact the pharmacokinetic properties of the numerous medications the patient is taking. For example, Lisinopril may be absorbed both when taken through the mouth and when it passes through the digestive system. Minimized stomach clearing may increase the amount of medicine absorbed through the digestive system and reduce bioavailability. A minimal intestinal surface area can also lead to a minimized uptake space. As individuals become older, their bodies produce little total body water, reducing the uptake and diffusion of some hydrophilic medications involving digoxin (Islam et al., 2022). In addition, the patient may encounter an increase in the diffusion of lipophilic medications such as metoprolol, which the patient uses for the treatment of high blood pressure, the increase can be a result of the natural surge in the patient’s fat content occurring with aging. As a result of this, the pharmacokinetic mechanisms of diltiazem, digoxin, and Lisinopril may be altered. It would be appropriate to develop adjustments to the patient’s medications, especially those metabolized in the liver, to minimize the buildup of unpredictable concentrations.

Ways of Enhancing the Patient’s Drug Therapy

The use of several distinct perspectives might possibly enhance the medication procedure for the patient. Prior to administering definite medications, several specific tests must be conducted beforehand (Torres et al., 2019). For instance, it is appropriate to assess the patient’s kidney proficiency so that one can decide whether or not to take the dose of hydrochlorothiazide and Lisinopril has to be adjusted. It is done so that the patient can attain the most significant blood pressure control. Before administering or developing adjustments to any medications, it is appropriate to analyze the possible advantages and the adverse impacts of such medications. By performing such, healthcare providers can ensure that the patient is offered only those medications having the fewest potential side effects. Persons with cardiovascular issues, diabetes, and the elderly are at enhanced risk for adverse impacts from some medications, and medical professionals must take extra precautions (Bhaskar et al., 2020). Tofranil, Artane, and Bentyl are examples of medications to be used by individuals who are 65 years of age or older. Most remarkably, ensuring that the patient achieves good health learning is vital. Educating the patient on the necessity of taking their prescription medications as prescribed would be essential.

Conclusion

Pharmacotherapy is a crucial feature of managing cardiovascular diseases causing mortality worldwide, and the pharmacological treatments of cardiovascular diseases entail using medications targeting numerous features of the cardiovascular system, like blood pressure, cholesterol, and the functioning of the heart. A patient’s age is one of the many deliberations that should be examined earlier in selecting a definite pharmacological treatment for a patient. Numerous changes in the processes may significantly impact the patient’s recommended therapy, for example, Lisinopril may be absorbed both when taken through the mouth and when it goes through the digestive system. Minimized stomach clearing may increase the amount of medicine absorbed through the digestive system and reduce bioavailability. Recommendations such as dosage modification and medication discontinuation may be recommended to enhance the patient’s therapy outcomes.

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

References

Bhaskar, S., Rastogi, A., Chattu, V. K., Adisesh, A., Thomas, P., Alvarado, N., … & Walker, A. H. (2020). Key strategies for clinical management and improvement of healthcare services for cardiovascular disease and diabetes patients in the coronavirus (COVID-19) settings: recommendations from the REPROGRAM consortium. Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine, 7, 112. https://doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2020.00112

Drenth‐van Maanen, A. C., Wilting, I., & Jansen, P. A. (2020). Prescribing medicines to older people—How to consider the impact of aging on human organ and body functions. British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology, 86(10), 1921-1930. https://doi.org/10.1111/bcp.14094

Islam, M. S., Sharif, A., Kwan, N., & Tam, K. C. (2022). Bile acid sequestrants for hypercholesterolemia treatment using sustainable biopolymers: Recent advances and future perspectives. Molecular Pharmaceutics, 19(5), 1248-1272. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.2c00007

Orgah, J. O., He, S., Wang, Y., Jiang, M., Wang, Y., Orgah, E. A., … & Zhu, Y. (2020). Pharmacological potential of the combination of Salvia miltiorrhiza (Danshen) and Carthamus tinctorius (Honghua) for diabetes mellitus and its cardiovascular complications. Pharmacological Research, 153, 104654. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.phrs.2020.104654

Torres, M. J., Adkinson Jr, N. F., Caubet, J. C., Khan, D. A., Kidon, M. I., Mendelson, L., … & Macy, E. (2019). Controversies in drug allergy: beta-lactam hypersensitivity testing. The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology: In Practice, 7(1), 40-45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaip.2018.07.051

If you are having challenges with writing your nursing essay either because of lack of time or not knowing where to start, you can order your paper here